Internal combustion engine



May 17, 1938. v. D. BRoTT 2,117,292

Y INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed May 2:5, lgs 2 sheets-sheet 1 2 E .44. .Z L a m m x May 177, 1938; I v. D. BROTT 2,117,292

INTERNAL COMBUST ION ENGINE Filed May 23, 1935 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented May 17, 1938 UNITED STATES PATENT oFFlcE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Vernon D. Brott, Franklin Park, Ill. Application May 23, 1933, `Serial No. 672,520 4 claims. (ci. 12s-'50) The invention relates to improvements in internal combustion engines and has for its primary object. the provision of an internal combustion engine of simple construction and highly 5 eiicient in use.

Another object of the invention is the provision of an improved internal combustion engine equipped with an improved control valve arrangement which is highly efcient in use.

l Another object of the'invention is the provision of an improved internal combustion en.

gine provided with improved means for supplying fuel thereto.

Other objects will appear hereinafter. l The invention consists in the combinations and arrangements of parts hereinafter described and claimed.

The invention will be best understood by 'reference to the accompanying drawings, forming a 0 part of this specification, and in which Fig. 1 is a partial top plan view of an internal combustion engine embodying the invention;

Fig. 2, a partial vertical longitudinal section taken substantially on line 2-2 of Fig. 1; g5 Fig. 3, a partial horizontal section taken substantially on line 3--3 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 a partial horizontal section taken substantially on line 4'4 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 5, an enlarged vertical section of the conm trol valve of the engine, and

Fig. 6, a view similar to Fig. 5, but showing the parts in different operative positions.

The embodiment of the invention illustrated in drawings comprises suitable end casings I0, oil

z5 splash pan II and an intermediate casing I2 divided by transverse double partitions I3 into a plurality of cylinder chambers I4, as indicated.

At intervals, see Fig. 43, the sides ofcasing I2 are oppositely indented to form segmental guides Lo I5, adapted and arranged to contact with and guide the opposite sides of reciprocating cylinders IG--said guides being relieved as shown, to

permit oil or other cooling liquid to flow freely between portions of said cylinders and guides. L5 Each of the cylinders I6 is provided with lateral-projections or bosses I'l projecting laterally throughslots between the guides I5 and thus serving to further guide the-corresponding cylinder I6 in its reciprocations. Suitable oil holes o I8 are provided in the projections I'I and suitable connecting rods I9 are connected. as shown. with the projections I7 and with cranks 20 of the engine crank-shaft. A piston 2| operates in each of the cylinders I6 and is connected by a' suit- 5 able connecting rod 22 with a corresponding aan...

crank 23 on the crank-shaft 24. Crank-shaft 24 is mounted in suitable bearings 25 in the casing of the engine as indicated. By this arrangement it will be observed that during the normal 4 operation of the engine both the cylinders I6 8 and the pistons 2| will reciprocate relatively.to each other and to the enclosing casing.

Each cylinder I6 reciprocates on a pipe or tube 28 sliding freely through a Stuiiing box 21 in the head of the cylinder, said stuffing box being prol0 vided with an oil well 28 for lubricating purposes. These stuffing boxes 2l contain alternat ing split piston rings and recessed collars, with the rings seated in the recesses of -said collars. Said piston rings are constructed to act in con- 15 traction on the pipes 26, and are slightly thinner than the depth of the recesses in which they are confined, whereby there will be slight clearances between the faces of said rings and the opposed surfaces of said recessed collars, thus permitting said rings to expand and contract without frictional resistance.

Each pipe 26 communicates at its top with an enlarged pipe 29 having individual intake and exhaust passages 30 and 3l therein, as shown. zu The enlarged pipe sections 29 are formed integral with a cylindrical valve casing 32 mounted on top of the casings It and I2 and containing a rotatable tubular cylindrical valve member 33 provided on its periphery with suitable packing so rings on opposite sides of the intake and exhaust ports, as shown. These packing rings are held stationary by set screws as shown to minimize friction and wear. Y

Arranged within and traversing the rotary 35 valve 33 are exhaust conduits 34 arranged to place the. exhaust passages 3l in periodical and proper communication with the exhaust ports 35 formed in the casing 32, as shown. likewise the valve 32 is also provided with conduits 36 trav- 40 ersing the same and periodically placing the intake passages 30 in communication with the intake ports 31 formed in the walls of the casing 32. The arrangement is such that, as the valve 33 rotates, the intake and exhaust passages 45 3U and 3l will be properly and periodically placed in communication with the intake and exhaust ports of the engine and thereby suitable fuel charges supplied to and exhausted from the cylinder I6, as Will be readily understood by those skilled in this art. It is to be noted that the intake of the fuel charges thus occurs when the cylinder head and piston are substantially at their position of closest approach so that the incoming charge is admitted at substantially the center of the combustion space therein and is expanded therein in both directions during the normal intake operations and is then compressed from both directions so that a superior mixture of the fuel charge is formed at the time of ignition, thus materially increasing the emciency of the operation of the engine.

The valve 33 is constantly rotated by means of a sprocket wheel 3l? connected by chain-belt 39 with a smaller sprocket wheel do on the crankshaft 2li, said valve being thus connected to rotate at one-half the speed of the crank-shaft to properly time the opening and closing of the intake and exhaust ports, as will be readily understood by those skilled in this art.

Fluid for lubricating and cooling purposes ma be supplied to the valve 33 by an oil supply pipe il extending through a. suitable stuiing box tif/Z and by means of which oil under pressure is constantly supplied to the valve 33. Oil escape passageways or ports Q3 are provided as shown, see Fig. 2, through the Wall of the valve 33, the pipe sections 29 and the casing l2, whereby oil will be supplied to the oilwells 2B for lubrication of the pipe 26, and; overflowing from said oil wells, will thoroughly lubricate and cool the walls of the cylinders i6 and the lower parts of the engine. If desired, said lubricating uid may be cooled in accordance with any usual or desired practice, as will readily be understood.

Oil grooves Without rings are provided in the periphery of valve 33 and in communication with the oil passageways 433. Additional oil openings it are provided in the walls of the valve 33 for lubricating the surface of the valve.

By this arrangement a control valve is provided for the engine which is sufficiently removed therefrom to be substantially uninfluenced by the heat thereof, by which all parts of the engine are thoroughly lubricated, inwhich the exhaust gases serve to heat the incoming fuel and the incoming fuel serves to cool the exhaust gases.

It is also to be understood that the cylinders 2&3 are equipped with suitable spark pings which may be located ln the passages 3@ or elsewhere, as customary.

Ignition of the fuel vcharge may be eiiected by any known or suitable means, preferably by spark plugs located in the passages 3B, or elsewhere as customary.

While I have illustrated and described the preferred form and arrangement of parts for carrying the invention into effect this is capable oi variation and modification without departing from the spirit of the invention. l. therefore do not wish to be limited to the details described but desire to avail myself of such variations and modications as fall within the'scope of the appended claims.

I claim:

1. An internal combustion engine comprising cooperating reciprocating cylinder and reciprocating piston and double throw crank shaft member operatively connected with said cylinder and piston; a stationary combined intake and exhaust pipe passing through the head of said cylinder upon which said'cylinder head reciprocates; and valve means for supplying said cylinder with fuel and exhausting it through said pipe.

2. The internal combustion engine described in claim 1, in which the intake and exhaust pipe is provided with separate intake and exhaust branches at its outer end.

3. The internal combustion engine described in claim l, in whichv the intake and exhaust pipe is provided with separate intake and exhaust branches at its outer end, and the means of supply and exhaust including a valve casing supported by said pipe branches; and a valve in said valve casing operatively connected for fuel distribution.

d. The internal combustion engine described in claim l, in which the cylinder is enclosed in a casing having diametrically opposed segmental cylinder guides encompassing and guiding said cylinder in its reciprocation.

VERNON D. BROTT. 

